Climate change and technological advancements require new approaches for efficiency programs to deliver impact. As more program administrators seek to align efficiency portfolios with state climate and clean energy policies, they can learn from the experience of program administrators who are “early adopters” in evolving performance metrics from energy savings to greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction.

Presented at the 2022 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buldings, this study details the evolution of two energy efficiency portfolios over the past decade in two very different markets: Vermont and Washington, DC.

Like most energy efficiency portfolios, both programs historically measured performance based on energy savings for specific fuels: electricity (MWh), natural gas (therms), and unregulated fuels (MMBtu). As of their most recent performance periods, both programs have incorporated performance metrics and incentives for GHG reduction.

The study provides an overview of the policy and program advancements that led to the historic changes in energy efficiency portfolio metrics for Efficiency Vermont and the DC Sustainable Energy Utility (DCSEU). Key strategies included launching early research and pilot projects, proactive engagement of stakeholders and regulators, and adapting the methods and tools used to track savings impacts.

The experiences of the DCSEU and Efficiency Vermont will be particularly relevant to program administrators in states and cities where climate and clean energy goals are prompting a reexamination of efficiency program metrics and frameworks.